To Kill A Mockingbird Essay Example for Free

To Kill A Mockingbird Essay The character that’s made an outsider is Tom Robinson. Tom Robinson is an outsider because of his skin colour, and was accused of raping Mayella Ewell. But him being black was the main reason as to why he was the outsider. Scout and her family were also outsiders. They were made outsiders by the neighbourhood because her father Atticus was Tom Robinson’s Lawyer. What prior experiences have helped to make this person an outsider? His skin colour for one was something he had no control over and this made him an outsider in America where racism is the norm. Another experience that helped make him an outsider was that he always helped Ewell’s kid, Mayella out all the time, for free because he â€Å"felt sorry for her† as he said when being trialled upon. His good deeds however wasn’t repaid as she falsely accused him of raping her because she was ashamed of having ever kissed a black man. The Finch Family- just the mere fact that Atticus was representing Mr.  Robinson in court made them outsiders. It was enough to have people calling them names, threatening them and having them fear their father’s life at one point when Atticus sat guard (not stood guard cos he had a chair a desk and a book out) in front of Tom’s cell when he was approached by a group of many telling him to move aside. What kinds of attitudes, opinions or ideas does this person hold? Tom Robinson was a very nice man with a wife and kids which I’m pretty sure he loved and adored. He was a very kind man as well as he always helped Mayella Ewell out whenever she needed help and he would always do the work for free as well because he felt sorry her. He knew that her siblings hardly ever helped her out, and that she didn’t have a dime to spare on him and also had hunch that her father wasn’t the nicest person to her as well, and that was enough for her to gain his pity and kindness. Tom however feared the â€Å"whites†, not all whites or anyone in particular but the fact that whites always had the upper hand, the deciding verdict and so he ran. He ran away from the â€Å"crime scene† (not much really, just the presence of Mr. Ewell and his Mayella, after she kissed him), because he was scared of the very predicament he found himself in, explaining himself to the jury in a court defending his innocence. He knew that he had no chance against the whites and that’s why he ran. Both times. The Finch Family was a relatively anti racist family. Atticus was very much against segragation and was sure pleased to defend Mr. Robinson in court whereas his sister Alexandra Hancock is pretty much the opposite and always wants â€Å"what is best for the family† (13. 22) Scout compares her to Mount Everest: throughout my early life, she was cold and there (9. 36). But further on in the novel we see a development in her character as she shows more emotion at the shooting of Mr. Robinson. And she even hands Scout her overalls to where even though throughout the novel up until then she always preferred the picture of Scout in a dress. Scout and Jem didn’t separate themselves from the black and instead seemed more part of the black community than they were white. Always with Calpurnia, going to church with her and even sitting in the coloured side of court during the trial. Scout was right at home when with them and didn’t feel any different about them because of their skin colour, even sleeping on Reverend Sykes lap during the first part of the trial. The family is downright appalled by the justice system and all the favouritism of the white and the segregation of coloured people. What actions, behaviours or decisions make this person an outsider? Tom Robinson- nothing but his skin colour and his kindness made him an outsider. Atticus- Being Mr. Robinson’s lawyer, representing him in court, defending him in a rape charge was what made Atticus (and his family) outsiders. Even though he was told to defend Mr. Robinson by the (fair) Judge John Taylor, Atticus did not mind one bit. He knew that this would bring his family some trouble but he wanted to do it anyway. What challenges does the outsider face? Tom Robinson- The trial. He was sent to jail for a crime he did not commit and ended up being shot after an attempt to break out prison. Scout and Jem- yelled remarks and called names from people at school and even old ladies sitting on porches and being the subject of everyone’s whispers. Another challenge they faced was Mr. Robert Ewell’s attack after the play at school. They would have been as good as dead if it weren’t for the great luck they had and of course if it wasn’t for Boo Radley. Atticus- A â€Å"gang† coming close to hurting him when he stayed up outside the cell one night. The trial, was also a challenge, He knew his client was innocent and would be a difficult task to make the jury ponder over his innocence for 5 minutes at the most. His children’s lives were threatened because of a grudge gained from the trial. What consequences are there for the outsider in the text? Mr. Robinson and the Finch family, Being outsiders was the consequence of their actions. It was because of what they did ( and in Mr. Robinson’s case) who they were, that made them outsiders. How do other characters react to the outsider? Mr. Robinson is only made an outsider by the whites (generalisation, not all whites were against him, like Mr. Finch, Judge John Taylor, Heck Tate and Dolphus Raymond to name a few) but definitely had the backing of his own people. The Finch’s People were talking about them badly and they were the centre of gossip and even threats. They were despised by many, but like Mr. Robinson he was backed by the Coloured community and those who weren’t too keen on the whole â€Å"nigga’s always at fault† disease that almost everyone in Maycomb had caught What themes or messages does the text convey about society or the wider world? Racism, Segregation and ill-treatment of coloured is major theme explored in the text by Harper Lee. This problem in the little town of Maycomb is just a tiny reflection in the corner of the mirror, of America at the time. And even the world, with references to Nazi Russia in the novel also bringing to light segregation in other parts of the world. She comes right out to say that the world is a racist world, with this novel and she writes to show others what is happening and that it is actually not right. And she does so in a great way by highlighting one great injustice rather than the many and bringing to a realization how irrational and unfair the entire American Justice system was. But we also see a development in the white characters which a representative of the entire America in a sense (and the world) as thoughts and ideas change and people’s views about coloured people change, not abruptly but slow of course. The black characters in To Kill A Mockingbird contribute to the development of the white characters rather than appearing as individuals in their own right. Racism is learnt, and with this we can see that Racism can definitely be unlearnt. How are the author’s experiences of being an outsider or attitudes towards outsiders reflected in the text? Ms Lee drew on her own childhood experience and this reflected in the text because Like Scout, Lees father was an attorney who defended black men accused of crimes; like Scout, Lee had a brother four years older. And many critics noticed similarities between Dill and Lee’s on childhood friend, Truman Capote. But the novel wasn’t intended to be an autobiography. The novel looked like it was influenced by the Scottsborro Trials of the 1930’s which was pre-Civil Rights Movement era, where 2 white women accused 9 coloured men of rape and we can see many similarities to Mr. Robinson’s case. Her life and the event’s happening all around her is reflected in the plotline of the text and also the main theme running through the text of standing up for something even though the cost is high, and I think she does tying it all in and producing a great novel taking a powerful stand against racism.

Health Disparities Among the Poor Essay Example for Free

Health Disparities Among the Poor Essay On this era, everybody depends on technology when communicating, especially on cell phones. These devices are known all over the world, and they are also used for entertainment, and to be updated with the latest news. Calling and Texting are the main methods that people use to communicate with friends, family, and others when using their cell phones. Calling has been popular since mid-1900s, but has been taken its popularity by texting since the beginning of the 20th century. Factors like the tone, and the fact that the people involved in the conversation can hear each other’s voices make a phone call more personal. Calling, should be used when the objective is to start a full conversation, argument, or a work related discussion. Though, if the objective is to confirm something, tell a quick message, or ask a short question, texting would be the proper choice. Texting is more impersonal than calling; there are no other factors involved on the conversation than what you see on the screen, the text. There is no easy way to feel, or identify the other person’s emotions in a text message clearly. Texting is a misused form of communication if the objective is to spend hours on the phone, give important news, or express a strong emotion. Calling can only take place if the person that makes the call has the other person’s phone number, and if the receiver of the call takes it. On the other hand, texting compares to sending constant e-mails, there are many social medias where you can text or send a private message via internet, or having the other person’s phone number as well. Even though the receiver of the message does not see the text right away, he or she will eventually see it, and hopefully respond. Texting can be a threat to your life. About 6,000 deaths and a half a million injuries are caused by distracted drivers every year. Phone calls are safer while driving; there are Bluetooth devices that allow you to talk while both of the driver’s hands are on the wheel, and eyes are on the road. Most phones also have a speaker option where the sound increases and drivers do not need to hold the phone. Texting and Calling are two effective methods of communicating when used at the right time, place, and situation.

Design of Internet Service Application on WAP Device

Design of Internet Service Application on WAP Device Abstract The ultimate aim of our project is to provide the design and development for an reliable internet service application which workable on the WAP enabled wireless handheld devices like mobile phone ,PDA(personal digital assistant) but mobile phone will focused mainly on this. To design a WAP application that will be usable by stock market user to receive and check related information like up-to-date stock value , stock quotes, as well as price detailed, trading status in the service directly from their mobile devices. This project concern the developing, testing of a WAP based system for wireless handhelds devices like mobile phone to help the stock market user while on the move for instance the user can access to internet even when they travelling from geographical location to another . the idea of this application is to consider one that in principle not only delivering that data which involves in stock market updates and reliable and securely but one will be rapidly aware the user about the market changes in real time without even in the whilst in office or home , whilst we travelling , to the demand form of communication specially whilst o the move The Stock Market system will be based on WAP architecture for mobile devices. This project will demonstrate how practical and possible will it be to use a mobile internet on the mobile phone to check the stock market value for a particular company whilst on the move. the user can have access to know the current price of the stock and it latest information At click of the button without physically present in front of the stock market office or by watching Television at the someplace. The whole project framework is aim on to Create a WAP application which based on a server side application which could be the company to join a venture with the users to input the data to form a given result. And it important to aware of the modern days application are adapted by the user to improve their capabilities. According to the research board of project believe that the user application projects are lead to failure if it not fully obtain the user demands and requirement for particular needs.The possibly good market for such system will be investigated into further develop to refine a set of clients requirement . there will be a good response for such an application in the market which intended on user who has invested a solid amount in bonds , shares and gilts , and these are all designed to make life easier in such a way it enable the use to make decision at particular time to sell and buy stock such time . 1. Introduction 1.1 Brief Stocks are considered riskier investments ,the value of a stock could at peak and drop down on the rate of the share by every time ,it completely depends on the situation of economy .for instance I am a stockholder having 500 share on a private company. Currently the value of my share is at good rate,and if I want to know what is market value of share with other company .Likewise most of the stock market holder are keen to know the latest information in real time .However it is only possible when the share holder are have a chance to watching news or log on a computer that they would be aware of the situation. Nowadays, most people on the move have at least one mobile device, a mobile phone or a PDA .so why not provide the stock market information as soon as possible directly on these mobile phones?.It can be either on a push basis or pull basis .push basis a like a push message it automatically send the latest information to the user whoever subscribe to the push service , in other hand pull message where the user have to send a request first to get the required response. Most of the people nowadays having mobile phone along them and from which would the user also can access to the internet and other communication uses. Currently the mobile phones are very cheaper and popular in the market when we comparing with other kinds of electronic device However the mobile based stock market tracking system will allows the user to check the latest information of the stock value in the market. There is good market scope for mobile communication due the feasibility and support of the communication at time . and other important of mobile internet is that a user can to be in up-to-date information on necessary thinks needed like weather , flash NEWS, email etc . this would be a viable alternative from traditional fixed internet for PCs and implementation of the mobile internet which is very convenience for us. Like Benjamin Franklin so rightly said, Forewarned is forearmed. So, on consumers point of view, yes, there is a potential need for this application. Moreover, most mobile phone network providers nowadays offer certain amount of free internet browsing on their mobile handsets each month. Users would prefer to use their free offer to check for stock information rather than dialling or texting a phone number, which are usually charged at premium rate, to get that same information. In terms of benefits for the stock exchange company, this will be an improvement of their customer service and keeping up-to-date with new technology. Staffs involved with providing information over the phone for those travellers who still feel at ease with that means, will be able to provide a better quality of service as he or she would not be under so much pressure of dealing with all the calls waiting in the queue. Moreover, staffs at the will fewer enquiries to deal with as commuters will be informed wel l in advance. As author Ben Salter and Alex Michael mentioned .thirteen per cent of mobile subscribes reported accessing news and information via a mobile browser in June 2004. [ REF 1 ] The both author believe that current number of user accessing the mobile internet to browser will increases in feature 1.2 Relevance to course Modules The product based project are really challengeable to undertake but these are possible and manageable from the modules taught over the degree few of them are very help in understanding the cirtical part of the project. Some of the important module are helpful to this project are dicussed below. 1.2.1 CCM2418 (Digital and Mobile Systems) and CCM2420 Data Communications These both modules are very useful and module which let me know about fundamental communication knowledge .we started with the simple data how it goes through different stage of process and to final point of the information at that level were we want know about web connection level what involves in modulation , demodulation , multiplexing and error checking 1.2.2 CCM3415 (Advanced Network Design and Security) and CCM2412 (Network Routing and Protocols) In these both modules were important and necessary because most of the topics we learned were associated to computer networks, and it is contributed a very important role in this project , the areas have taught in these modules includes the fundamental of the network which OSI layer model . And another important area which is protocol on the network that are the set of rule govern the network . this was the whole set of the internet , which is the keen important to largest network 1.2.3 CCM3413 (Mobile Internet Applications and Services) This was the module inspired and gave the knowledge to choose this project ,actually i learned the fundamental of the two-tier architecture , WAP technology , PHP , these topics are playing a main role in this project , module given a full scope of the internet and their uses in different device but we mainly focus on the Mobile Internet which inducted me to undertake this Project 1.2.4 CCM2426 (Professional Project Development) In this module we learn how to work in group and make it as a team. We all worked together and put all our work in to one piece of report. And we learned business ethics and how to implement them in the real life and we have discussed about computer science ethics which some very important issues in the modern day computer field which includes legal issues , copyrights and piracy theses information areas will be more helpful when we starting the marketing and involved in the business related application then there we have to implement this strategies . in past few years piracy issues are increasing in a very dramatic way due the high speed internet available and this reflected on the computer business and they seeking for legal expect to avoid this kind of problem in future . 1.2.5 CCM3422 (Computer Communications Project) This module has take place a major role of this project, according to the principle of Computer Communication Project, it involves in to scheduling and estimating technology 1.3 Literature Review My project is consisting of many different numbers of components which performs in different step in its construction and completion. to get this project as one one working model or product ,it has to process through many tasks and topics. And each and every topic in this project are constantly analysis and studied so that all every aspect are fit and work as one whole product . This project are covered from different topics and areas that were research is been taken form many source which includes text books , online materials journals and past projects . some important resource are used for the research are mentioned below with reviews and definitions. D.Houghand K. Zafar according to their point of view .there are millions of user subscribes to mobile network .these are include everyone from computer executive director to unskilled ordinary labour (Bale Bulb rook). With the benefits of the WAP enable mobile device such as mobile phones, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA ) and pager are developed to access the internet right on the mobile device able to access the phone banking , price checking , product purchase or sale , any sport result and much more According to authors E.Evan ,P.Ashworth .the wireless device are increase in dramatic way and number of user to communicate , interact on the move, there is a survey showing that right now there is least One billion wireless are subscribes and soon will be increase to twice the amount now (P.Ashworth and E.Evans ,) There are so many user are subscribe and using the WAP. With help of WAP people are getting the same usual format option as exactly From A personal Computer but these are depends on our convenience and so this will lead to big revolution of the internet in the mobile device and change the traditional way of accessing the internet .Eventually public will notice the real impact of WAP devices how it will change the way of accessing internet and they would know the benefits of using this technology , more user will subscribes to network and it will start to grow on numerous way on a new form of communication because it will start using the new will get start using the new technology and they will reply on the advantage ( Frerrel, ZOO ) In Karli Watsons book (beginning WAP) . when we considering development of the todays communication world some factors are comes first but wireless communication having big impact and revolution over the public and number of users are incredibly increasing at a dramatic amount of subscribing are using and amount of data interchanging in speed at which we access the business and another uses . In less than ten year time it will have a tremendous amount of development from initial level of the internet user from the traditional network But there was a doubt on the factor of reliability and usability of the WAP access, On 2000 Ramsay and Neilson have noted in their book that the WAP is not really functional and popular now but it will be score a good reputation and developed system after 2001.Due to scale of operation grows it will led more difficulties observation. To learning Unified model language (UML) introduce will helps and leads as work along with language focused in this book , the author help to keep the clear view on the UML language and help to protect in the cobwets of methodoly. Fred R.Mcfadden and Jeffery A.Hoffer, , are interest on information resource management (IRM) are here to consider as normal way we do with everyday methods ,equipment . in other word the matter of information is a superior component and business resource and must has to treat as other asset such as student , things and etcs. Mcload and Brittain , are suggesting the basic ideas of IRM from their point of view According Ian Summervilles book is focused at student who undertaking the project in under graduation and graduate at software engineering . they have least know and done some fundamental engineering course such as programming languages . This book is full of general and basic idea of new update on some important topics such as , dependable system , requirement engineering, and architecture design. 1.4 Analysis from Literature Review This application is to designed to track the Stock Market status report through WAP enable device . the idea of this application is to provide a service for the user to check their desirable company stock rate on the particular date and a response will send back to user using programmed database and techniques. The main purpose for this application was to reducing time , developing the reliability and efficiency of use when comparing with current application or system . According to the Ramsay and Neilson personal view of WAP and they believed that WAP had a very big impact on the todays technology that we been using ever since it introduces of the this system in the market .it had a breakthrough with other opponent technology but it still had better critics among with other technology P.Ashworth, E.Evans were best authors where keen to know about the feature of mobile communication , actually both were intended to show in their book , to tell what is the feature of M-commerce as of from this decades to next decades development opportunities. M-commerce is the combination of the traditional web system and the wireless connection, Farrell were interested in studying the future of WAP technology to access the internet on mobile service and tried to explain the benefits of this system over people to use their mobile device to access the web browser or internet , even as our todays live is becoming more amd more difficult by day after day so technology might have to help the problem with changing it same system or service for instance ,internet is access from system which through traditional network but would change it technology and developed into wireless internet that is possible by the WAP technology . But according to Ian Somerville in their book Software Engineering ,they had a new form of ideas to develop and view a project by eight different parts which include an brief intro to software engineering , application designing , coding , validation and verifications , critical systems ,managements and software evaluation .this book also covers the system distribution architecture , and software development .the critical software system in consisted and integrated with the reliability , accessiably , security and avaliabilty so these are mentioned as a different topics. Jeffery A. Hoofer and Fred R. McFadden in thier book Modern Database Management they were talked about the database in a larger sector how the larger context of information resource are stored and manage in a dedicated database . In other hand Craig mentioning about the life cycle of the software and he says that UML depends on the different life cycle development model i.e. Spiral Model , Incremental Model and finally Waterfall Models , UML is depends upon the object oriented programming paradigm . so I am using one of the best model software life cycle model which Watetfall models. 2.1 Aims The ultimate aim of this project to create and build a stock market quote that allows the user to quote the stock company and accessing these are all done by selecting appropriate option on the device to have a customer needs. And there will a database is designed for the data to processed from the user and they able to pass their won information. 2.2 Objectives The objectives in project will be divided into two different informant categories ,in each category will further divided into subsection so that each and every phase will be individually discussed and this will lead to achieve a best possible end result of the Final product . Design based objective: Design based objective actually it involved in idea for framework the specified requirement for the user needs. It will really help the consumer and design from business prospect to achieve the best possible result . To build a system following key point must accomplished Modelling the system from requirement specification Implementing the requirement specification of the system using appropriate development tool Of course , testing ,evaluation and debugging the protocol against the system requirement . A created database will be use as a model for this project instead using the stock market databases Research based objectives: In order to give up- to- date software or system . we must have to be focus and to certain to changes will happened on the current system in terms in future development and challenges and often happened in the software industry. There are some of important ways for getting the software awareness by following few steps By examining people who using the daily basis and observe main fact toward the stock market assessment involves by taking surveys and feedback on the web pages usability Offering alternative or current option available to stock exchange quote and their mentioning their advantage and drawback. 2.3 Software Life Cycle and Methodology for the Project Software life cycle which related to our daily life process and it filters all process over each and every stage in our life. It is pretty commonly known fact that relation pound exits between the product class and process quality is directly equal to the result of the Product is created . the software development is neither inevitable nor efficient to produce good piece of product ,but it is also very ease to keep your product as it is . A software life cycle for the project is model used to describes the phase or stage which a software development goes through . there is other way we can also describes a software life cycle models as A software life cycle is vision of the perspective active that happens during software development [REF 5] . these factors were helping us to understand and improve the basic characteristics and activities of the software life cycle The software life cycle is best way to describe overall process involved in the project. Some important processes are described below. Help the project manager to keep the project on the track Describes the basic function that are excepted through the Project to per perform in period of software development Describes the major stage or phase of the software development Provides a general outlook od details tasks so that the we will know the every process involves in software development This Project is development by the waterfall model. Waterfall model is method used for software development process ,it goes through serious of precious step by step method and process is looks as like as waterfall .The advantage of using the waterfall modal is we can organized ,chronological approach to software develop of our projects than beginning at system level and download to next steps .forward through software development in analysis, testing, coding and management . If the software is developed for large scale system so the effects need established for all system fundamental level and assign some division of particular tasks requirement through of software.. 2.3.1 Waterfall Model: Waterfall is commonly used and adopted in software development field . From the Waterfall Model the software development is very simple and straight forward. The software development will simple as it iluustrated diagram and it says that will easier as ever before from any model . actually Waterfall model is designed to develop the software as simple method of order of segments as figure illustrated below, every segments and stage or phase are put into a distinct goals so that the any segments contributed to a software development are achieved successfully. Software Requirement In software development it is vital to gathering requirement of the software and analysis process is very important for a Software based project to build up and focus of the software .In order to know the nature of the program itself to built, one should understand and analysis the requirement of the software and domain need. To gather the requirement we have form and fellow a simple method with some of topic needed to clarified in order to get started this Project. Design a software Software designing naturally is a major and complex step process. To achieve a design process successful we have to interprets requirement into representation of the software. There so many reason and factor get the error on the software design. Coding/ Programming The designing a software which involves in varies of area to accomplished to form in machine-readable . so code generation is takes place in this step. In this step we actually test the code of our project. System evaluation/Testing Once the coding has done, the testing process begins. In this step it will point out any thing on the consist and logical parts of software to make suer which the given statements are correct and it have been tested. And another important part of test is function external testing and it is carried out to make sure that defined input statement will pass and produces actual result Maintenance Any changes or an error could happened. Once the Product has reached the end user which is the consumer . so it is important for a software to adopt into the real world use .the conditions of changes might happen on both side of the parties for instance If the consumer would like to change the option available on the current system by any chance. So it is vital for software development to maintain all the option and feature are must to be up-to-date Project Management Project management activities which involves in schedules ,planner, organization and creating tasks and document like Risk plan, SRS, configuration management and software development plan were produced .so for my Project i decides to use Work Breakdown System as project management 2.4 Work Breakdown System (WBS) WBS is a break down system which is commonly used method in all computer project to achieve all tasks in the project to produce to one workable system. With help of this sort of methodology which help our project to on the right track . in our case to produce a WAP based system to stock market on the mobile devices. 3 Problem definitions Someone who is travelling or is away from their workplace, it is often not possible to gain access from a fixed internet enabled device. But in home environment we would able to access to internet via the local network . Mobile devices are playing major in todays communication world and it becoming very usual and common thing just seem for time. This seem like without this one might thing like a breakdown in the milestone of the telecommunication in this time . Good thing is almost all of latest mobile phones and devices are embedded with WAP-enable so this encourage the user to use this kind of services and the connection are made device by connecting to server which is provided by the network service provider, so therefore provide a service which keep market users, , who spend a proportion of their typical day in the process of accessing to the stock market and tracking on market , latest informed of stock variation, stock quotes, as well as price detailed, trading status, current company news profile . The big question is whether, there is a potential large scale need for such type of service by the stock market. Stock market information is not easily available perhaps unless you are make a phone request or log on to the Internet; and while on the move it is often very difficult to get internet access without a WAP enabled mobile phone or PDA. It is quite simple to imagine that technology is backbone of todays modern world, in this technology world the most important rule is played by the Software System. Almost everyone have to come across with the modern technology every day after day. But few technology development have made tremendous implement with presenting a new form of application performance , attached feature and way of interaction between the user and system these systems are really capable of do anything form a low- level basic need like TV remote to highly sophisacted and sensitive system like Bank transaction these all designed for one single purpose make life easier. Wired communication systems have as their main disadvantage the lack of mobility; wireless systems have the big advantage of supporting mobility of system use. In this modern world technology are getting even better ,not only in technology also in way of communication are now .The development of the mobile internet, mobile devices, applications and the provision of services such as the one proposed here attract considerable attention and effort in these time; there were number of studies and research going to find an efficient mobile internet for mobile phones and other wireless devices One general requirement to ensure that the security of client there are variety of virus and attacker are waiting to corrupt or stole our data from us . so it important to guide the user to access the relevant information easy and rapid . there are two way for safe surf on the mobile internet Allow the user to surf the particular market report on the relevant web site on the micro-browser To allow data streaming to capture the information on the mamory User interface is another issue in mobile device ,due it small screen it just display very few information in simple manner . Brief product description: It is a client-server based application which will support multi-client. For example: User will input share company the which will be send as a request and the server should respond by sending the real time stock market value of the company share has traded over the previous 40 weeks It should be simple, with a suitable user interface and little user inputs so that the result is obtained the as soon as possible It should also support push services, where certain stockholder will be automatically alerted on their mobile should any changes in the service status occurs. The server should automatically push the information to the specific registered mobile users. Deliverables and Development Requirements To successful completion of the project the following items in list will be given in the final submission A hardcopy of the Project final report A softcopy of the Project final report A turnitin copy of the document Program code on the CD Software and development requirement used document Development requirement of the system are: MySQL Server Windows Vista Nokia series Designing a Application from user point of view. As stock quote is never easy before computer start to serve the user demand ,as a stock market person has to know the rate of the stock till up to date but these are possible by Internet as simple as single click you would know the value from past record to till now . In the period when the computer are not as personal computer those days the person itself has to find the stock value through Walk-in to the local newsagent to buy NEWS paper or Television or even Radio but this media were not that reliable as todays technology which Internet, computer ,wireless. But technology start to change the way of stock market working from the traditional method . However our aim is to provide a reliable method for a person to access the stock market condition as easy as possible by using it. So we have to design a application which will server the user need in simple way .,to fulfil there need as application designer has to thing generously from user point of view. Some of the questions are stri ked Is this application or service are able to served the user needs or it just focus on business prospective . Is the user getting any useful and benefit from the application or web page is been designed . How reliable is this application whether is based on other source or direct information from the stock company User interface is most important part for a application ,it must has to be easy to user to use . To design the WAP application we have to gather relevant information or opion from stock holders who really would get benefit from this WAP application as a user. I managed to contact two persons who using the computer to keep to know stock market rate. Their ultimate demand is that interface must has to simple and provide the useful information as simple as possible like simple graph, etc. So the application is designed to help the user so interface has to simple but not to find how to use it, this will leads poor impression on the application. However everyone has different thoughts from thinging of what they want to make them comfortable well i concluded the thoughts of stock market users what do they want the application has to appear and help them to easy way of tracking the current value of the stock market. Ease of use: As a normal user cannot read manual, particularly for some simple service like sending a message, so if they cannot know how to use the application ,they get frustrated and tent to leave the application altogether. That means if the application is not fully intuition, then people will get stuck and we might lose them forever. The user will not come to figure out how to get the application to work .Another ease of use factor is the difficulty of getting to a URL. When designing a software for certain purpose where the user could get useful by that . The software itself has to serve the purpose that made up for what .There is major role for design a application how it will become useable by user. However ,if the users goal and the applications are not same ,there may be a problem . for example user want to know the previous stock market rate and average of the rate by performs of the particular company stock from past fifteen days data report , in order to plan for feature plan and to analysis on the market .And if my application only provide the stock value for the past seven days ,in this case the application is not provide the solution to the user demand. To provide the full potential of the application to user by developing or designing the option in the application as simple as possible o obtain the what is wanted to use by the user. For instance If user if user is holding stock in five major companies shares ,for him or his need to see the top companies which he or she interested should show at first place instant of thousands of company from the list . So in here we deploying the user reliable context to reduce complex problem into simple solution. We can able to attract the user or customer to use our application or provide. The application must have to provides critical inf Design of Internet Service Application on WAP Device Design of Internet Service Application on WAP Device Abstract The ultimate aim of our project is to provide the design and development for an reliable internet service application which workable on the WAP enabled wireless handheld devices like mobile phone ,PDA(personal digital assistant) but mobile phone will focused mainly on this. To design a WAP application that will be usable by stock market user to receive and check related information like up-to-date stock value , stock quotes, as well as price detailed, trading status in the service directly from their mobile devices. This project concern the developing, testing of a WAP based system for wireless handhelds devices like mobile phone to help the stock market user while on the move for instance the user can access to internet even when they travelling from geographical location to another . the idea of this application is to consider one that in principle not only delivering that data which involves in stock market updates and reliable and securely but one will be rapidly aware the user about the market changes in real time without even in the whilst in office or home , whilst we travelling , to the demand form of communication specially whilst o the move The Stock Market system will be based on WAP architecture for mobile devices. This project will demonstrate how practical and possible will it be to use a mobile internet on the mobile phone to check the stock market value for a particular company whilst on the move. the user can have access to know the current price of the stock and it latest information At click of the button without physically present in front of the stock market office or by watching Television at the someplace. The whole project framework is aim on to Create a WAP application which based on a server side application which could be the company to join a venture with the users to input the data to form a given result. And it important to aware of the modern days application are adapted by the user to improve their capabilities. According to the research board of project believe that the user application projects are lead to failure if it not fully obtain the user demands and requirement for particular needs.The possibly good market for such system will be investigated into further develop to refine a set of clients requirement . there will be a good response for such an application in the market which intended on user who has invested a solid amount in bonds , shares and gilts , and these are all designed to make life easier in such a way it enable the use to make decision at particular time to sell and buy stock such time . 1. Introduction 1.1 Brief Stocks are considered riskier investments ,the value of a stock could at peak and drop down on the rate of the share by every time ,it completely depends on the situation of economy .for instance I am a stockholder having 500 share on a private company. Currently the value of my share is at good rate,and if I want to know what is market value of share with other company .Likewise most of the stock market holder are keen to know the latest information in real time .However it is only possible when the share holder are have a chance to watching news or log on a computer that they would be aware of the situation. Nowadays, most people on the move have at least one mobile device, a mobile phone or a PDA .so why not provide the stock market information as soon as possible directly on these mobile phones?.It can be either on a push basis or pull basis .push basis a like a push message it automatically send the latest information to the user whoever subscribe to the push service , in other hand pull message where the user have to send a request first to get the required response. Most of the people nowadays having mobile phone along them and from which would the user also can access to the internet and other communication uses. Currently the mobile phones are very cheaper and popular in the market when we comparing with other kinds of electronic device However the mobile based stock market tracking system will allows the user to check the latest information of the stock value in the market. There is good market scope for mobile communication due the feasibility and support of the communication at time . and other important of mobile internet is that a user can to be in up-to-date information on necessary thinks needed like weather , flash NEWS, email etc . this would be a viable alternative from traditional fixed internet for PCs and implementation of the mobile internet which is very convenience for us. Like Benjamin Franklin so rightly said, Forewarned is forearmed. So, on consumers point of view, yes, there is a potential need for this application. Moreover, most mobile phone network providers nowadays offer certain amount of free internet browsing on their mobile handsets each month. Users would prefer to use their free offer to check for stock information rather than dialling or texting a phone number, which are usually charged at premium rate, to get that same information. In terms of benefits for the stock exchange company, this will be an improvement of their customer service and keeping up-to-date with new technology. Staffs involved with providing information over the phone for those travellers who still feel at ease with that means, will be able to provide a better quality of service as he or she would not be under so much pressure of dealing with all the calls waiting in the queue. Moreover, staffs at the will fewer enquiries to deal with as commuters will be informed wel l in advance. As author Ben Salter and Alex Michael mentioned .thirteen per cent of mobile subscribes reported accessing news and information via a mobile browser in June 2004. [ REF 1 ] The both author believe that current number of user accessing the mobile internet to browser will increases in feature 1.2 Relevance to course Modules The product based project are really challengeable to undertake but these are possible and manageable from the modules taught over the degree few of them are very help in understanding the cirtical part of the project. Some of the important module are helpful to this project are dicussed below. 1.2.1 CCM2418 (Digital and Mobile Systems) and CCM2420 Data Communications These both modules are very useful and module which let me know about fundamental communication knowledge .we started with the simple data how it goes through different stage of process and to final point of the information at that level were we want know about web connection level what involves in modulation , demodulation , multiplexing and error checking 1.2.2 CCM3415 (Advanced Network Design and Security) and CCM2412 (Network Routing and Protocols) In these both modules were important and necessary because most of the topics we learned were associated to computer networks, and it is contributed a very important role in this project , the areas have taught in these modules includes the fundamental of the network which OSI layer model . And another important area which is protocol on the network that are the set of rule govern the network . this was the whole set of the internet , which is the keen important to largest network 1.2.3 CCM3413 (Mobile Internet Applications and Services) This was the module inspired and gave the knowledge to choose this project ,actually i learned the fundamental of the two-tier architecture , WAP technology , PHP , these topics are playing a main role in this project , module given a full scope of the internet and their uses in different device but we mainly focus on the Mobile Internet which inducted me to undertake this Project 1.2.4 CCM2426 (Professional Project Development) In this module we learn how to work in group and make it as a team. We all worked together and put all our work in to one piece of report. And we learned business ethics and how to implement them in the real life and we have discussed about computer science ethics which some very important issues in the modern day computer field which includes legal issues , copyrights and piracy theses information areas will be more helpful when we starting the marketing and involved in the business related application then there we have to implement this strategies . in past few years piracy issues are increasing in a very dramatic way due the high speed internet available and this reflected on the computer business and they seeking for legal expect to avoid this kind of problem in future . 1.2.5 CCM3422 (Computer Communications Project) This module has take place a major role of this project, according to the principle of Computer Communication Project, it involves in to scheduling and estimating technology 1.3 Literature Review My project is consisting of many different numbers of components which performs in different step in its construction and completion. to get this project as one one working model or product ,it has to process through many tasks and topics. And each and every topic in this project are constantly analysis and studied so that all every aspect are fit and work as one whole product . This project are covered from different topics and areas that were research is been taken form many source which includes text books , online materials journals and past projects . some important resource are used for the research are mentioned below with reviews and definitions. D.Houghand K. Zafar according to their point of view .there are millions of user subscribes to mobile network .these are include everyone from computer executive director to unskilled ordinary labour (Bale Bulb rook). With the benefits of the WAP enable mobile device such as mobile phones, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA ) and pager are developed to access the internet right on the mobile device able to access the phone banking , price checking , product purchase or sale , any sport result and much more According to authors E.Evan ,P.Ashworth .the wireless device are increase in dramatic way and number of user to communicate , interact on the move, there is a survey showing that right now there is least One billion wireless are subscribes and soon will be increase to twice the amount now (P.Ashworth and E.Evans ,) There are so many user are subscribe and using the WAP. With help of WAP people are getting the same usual format option as exactly From A personal Computer but these are depends on our convenience and so this will lead to big revolution of the internet in the mobile device and change the traditional way of accessing the internet .Eventually public will notice the real impact of WAP devices how it will change the way of accessing internet and they would know the benefits of using this technology , more user will subscribes to network and it will start to grow on numerous way on a new form of communication because it will start using the new will get start using the new technology and they will reply on the advantage ( Frerrel, ZOO ) In Karli Watsons book (beginning WAP) . when we considering development of the todays communication world some factors are comes first but wireless communication having big impact and revolution over the public and number of users are incredibly increasing at a dramatic amount of subscribing are using and amount of data interchanging in speed at which we access the business and another uses . In less than ten year time it will have a tremendous amount of development from initial level of the internet user from the traditional network But there was a doubt on the factor of reliability and usability of the WAP access, On 2000 Ramsay and Neilson have noted in their book that the WAP is not really functional and popular now but it will be score a good reputation and developed system after 2001.Due to scale of operation grows it will led more difficulties observation. To learning Unified model language (UML) introduce will helps and leads as work along with language focused in this book , the author help to keep the clear view on the UML language and help to protect in the cobwets of methodoly. Fred R.Mcfadden and Jeffery A.Hoffer, , are interest on information resource management (IRM) are here to consider as normal way we do with everyday methods ,equipment . in other word the matter of information is a superior component and business resource and must has to treat as other asset such as student , things and etcs. Mcload and Brittain , are suggesting the basic ideas of IRM from their point of view According Ian Summervilles book is focused at student who undertaking the project in under graduation and graduate at software engineering . they have least know and done some fundamental engineering course such as programming languages . This book is full of general and basic idea of new update on some important topics such as , dependable system , requirement engineering, and architecture design. 1.4 Analysis from Literature Review This application is to designed to track the Stock Market status report through WAP enable device . the idea of this application is to provide a service for the user to check their desirable company stock rate on the particular date and a response will send back to user using programmed database and techniques. The main purpose for this application was to reducing time , developing the reliability and efficiency of use when comparing with current application or system . According to the Ramsay and Neilson personal view of WAP and they believed that WAP had a very big impact on the todays technology that we been using ever since it introduces of the this system in the market .it had a breakthrough with other opponent technology but it still had better critics among with other technology P.Ashworth, E.Evans were best authors where keen to know about the feature of mobile communication , actually both were intended to show in their book , to tell what is the feature of M-commerce as of from this decades to next decades development opportunities. M-commerce is the combination of the traditional web system and the wireless connection, Farrell were interested in studying the future of WAP technology to access the internet on mobile service and tried to explain the benefits of this system over people to use their mobile device to access the web browser or internet , even as our todays live is becoming more amd more difficult by day after day so technology might have to help the problem with changing it same system or service for instance ,internet is access from system which through traditional network but would change it technology and developed into wireless internet that is possible by the WAP technology . But according to Ian Somerville in their book Software Engineering ,they had a new form of ideas to develop and view a project by eight different parts which include an brief intro to software engineering , application designing , coding , validation and verifications , critical systems ,managements and software evaluation .this book also covers the system distribution architecture , and software development .the critical software system in consisted and integrated with the reliability , accessiably , security and avaliabilty so these are mentioned as a different topics. Jeffery A. Hoofer and Fred R. McFadden in thier book Modern Database Management they were talked about the database in a larger sector how the larger context of information resource are stored and manage in a dedicated database . In other hand Craig mentioning about the life cycle of the software and he says that UML depends on the different life cycle development model i.e. Spiral Model , Incremental Model and finally Waterfall Models , UML is depends upon the object oriented programming paradigm . so I am using one of the best model software life cycle model which Watetfall models. 2.1 Aims The ultimate aim of this project to create and build a stock market quote that allows the user to quote the stock company and accessing these are all done by selecting appropriate option on the device to have a customer needs. And there will a database is designed for the data to processed from the user and they able to pass their won information. 2.2 Objectives The objectives in project will be divided into two different informant categories ,in each category will further divided into subsection so that each and every phase will be individually discussed and this will lead to achieve a best possible end result of the Final product . Design based objective: Design based objective actually it involved in idea for framework the specified requirement for the user needs. It will really help the consumer and design from business prospect to achieve the best possible result . To build a system following key point must accomplished Modelling the system from requirement specification Implementing the requirement specification of the system using appropriate development tool Of course , testing ,evaluation and debugging the protocol against the system requirement . A created database will be use as a model for this project instead using the stock market databases Research based objectives: In order to give up- to- date software or system . we must have to be focus and to certain to changes will happened on the current system in terms in future development and challenges and often happened in the software industry. There are some of important ways for getting the software awareness by following few steps By examining people who using the daily basis and observe main fact toward the stock market assessment involves by taking surveys and feedback on the web pages usability Offering alternative or current option available to stock exchange quote and their mentioning their advantage and drawback. 2.3 Software Life Cycle and Methodology for the Project Software life cycle which related to our daily life process and it filters all process over each and every stage in our life. It is pretty commonly known fact that relation pound exits between the product class and process quality is directly equal to the result of the Product is created . the software development is neither inevitable nor efficient to produce good piece of product ,but it is also very ease to keep your product as it is . A software life cycle for the project is model used to describes the phase or stage which a software development goes through . there is other way we can also describes a software life cycle models as A software life cycle is vision of the perspective active that happens during software development [REF 5] . these factors were helping us to understand and improve the basic characteristics and activities of the software life cycle The software life cycle is best way to describe overall process involved in the project. Some important processes are described below. Help the project manager to keep the project on the track Describes the basic function that are excepted through the Project to per perform in period of software development Describes the major stage or phase of the software development Provides a general outlook od details tasks so that the we will know the every process involves in software development This Project is development by the waterfall model. Waterfall model is method used for software development process ,it goes through serious of precious step by step method and process is looks as like as waterfall .The advantage of using the waterfall modal is we can organized ,chronological approach to software develop of our projects than beginning at system level and download to next steps .forward through software development in analysis, testing, coding and management . If the software is developed for large scale system so the effects need established for all system fundamental level and assign some division of particular tasks requirement through of software.. 2.3.1 Waterfall Model: Waterfall is commonly used and adopted in software development field . From the Waterfall Model the software development is very simple and straight forward. The software development will simple as it iluustrated diagram and it says that will easier as ever before from any model . actually Waterfall model is designed to develop the software as simple method of order of segments as figure illustrated below, every segments and stage or phase are put into a distinct goals so that the any segments contributed to a software development are achieved successfully. Software Requirement In software development it is vital to gathering requirement of the software and analysis process is very important for a Software based project to build up and focus of the software .In order to know the nature of the program itself to built, one should understand and analysis the requirement of the software and domain need. To gather the requirement we have form and fellow a simple method with some of topic needed to clarified in order to get started this Project. Design a software Software designing naturally is a major and complex step process. To achieve a design process successful we have to interprets requirement into representation of the software. There so many reason and factor get the error on the software design. Coding/ Programming The designing a software which involves in varies of area to accomplished to form in machine-readable . so code generation is takes place in this step. In this step we actually test the code of our project. System evaluation/Testing Once the coding has done, the testing process begins. In this step it will point out any thing on the consist and logical parts of software to make suer which the given statements are correct and it have been tested. And another important part of test is function external testing and it is carried out to make sure that defined input statement will pass and produces actual result Maintenance Any changes or an error could happened. Once the Product has reached the end user which is the consumer . so it is important for a software to adopt into the real world use .the conditions of changes might happen on both side of the parties for instance If the consumer would like to change the option available on the current system by any chance. So it is vital for software development to maintain all the option and feature are must to be up-to-date Project Management Project management activities which involves in schedules ,planner, organization and creating tasks and document like Risk plan, SRS, configuration management and software development plan were produced .so for my Project i decides to use Work Breakdown System as project management 2.4 Work Breakdown System (WBS) WBS is a break down system which is commonly used method in all computer project to achieve all tasks in the project to produce to one workable system. With help of this sort of methodology which help our project to on the right track . in our case to produce a WAP based system to stock market on the mobile devices. 3 Problem definitions Someone who is travelling or is away from their workplace, it is often not possible to gain access from a fixed internet enabled device. But in home environment we would able to access to internet via the local network . Mobile devices are playing major in todays communication world and it becoming very usual and common thing just seem for time. This seem like without this one might thing like a breakdown in the milestone of the telecommunication in this time . Good thing is almost all of latest mobile phones and devices are embedded with WAP-enable so this encourage the user to use this kind of services and the connection are made device by connecting to server which is provided by the network service provider, so therefore provide a service which keep market users, , who spend a proportion of their typical day in the process of accessing to the stock market and tracking on market , latest informed of stock variation, stock quotes, as well as price detailed, trading status, current company news profile . The big question is whether, there is a potential large scale need for such type of service by the stock market. Stock market information is not easily available perhaps unless you are make a phone request or log on to the Internet; and while on the move it is often very difficult to get internet access without a WAP enabled mobile phone or PDA. It is quite simple to imagine that technology is backbone of todays modern world, in this technology world the most important rule is played by the Software System. Almost everyone have to come across with the modern technology every day after day. But few technology development have made tremendous implement with presenting a new form of application performance , attached feature and way of interaction between the user and system these systems are really capable of do anything form a low- level basic need like TV remote to highly sophisacted and sensitive system like Bank transaction these all designed for one single purpose make life easier. Wired communication systems have as their main disadvantage the lack of mobility; wireless systems have the big advantage of supporting mobility of system use. In this modern world technology are getting even better ,not only in technology also in way of communication are now .The development of the mobile internet, mobile devices, applications and the provision of services such as the one proposed here attract considerable attention and effort in these time; there were number of studies and research going to find an efficient mobile internet for mobile phones and other wireless devices One general requirement to ensure that the security of client there are variety of virus and attacker are waiting to corrupt or stole our data from us . so it important to guide the user to access the relevant information easy and rapid . there are two way for safe surf on the mobile internet Allow the user to surf the particular market report on the relevant web site on the micro-browser To allow data streaming to capture the information on the mamory User interface is another issue in mobile device ,due it small screen it just display very few information in simple manner . Brief product description: It is a client-server based application which will support multi-client. For example: User will input share company the which will be send as a request and the server should respond by sending the real time stock market value of the company share has traded over the previous 40 weeks It should be simple, with a suitable user interface and little user inputs so that the result is obtained the as soon as possible It should also support push services, where certain stockholder will be automatically alerted on their mobile should any changes in the service status occurs. The server should automatically push the information to the specific registered mobile users. Deliverables and Development Requirements To successful completion of the project the following items in list will be given in the final submission A hardcopy of the Project final report A softcopy of the Project final report A turnitin copy of the document Program code on the CD Software and development requirement used document Development requirement of the system are: MySQL Server Windows Vista Nokia series Designing a Application from user point of view. As stock quote is never easy before computer start to serve the user demand ,as a stock market person has to know the rate of the stock till up to date but these are possible by Internet as simple as single click you would know the value from past record to till now . In the period when the computer are not as personal computer those days the person itself has to find the stock value through Walk-in to the local newsagent to buy NEWS paper or Television or even Radio but this media were not that reliable as todays technology which Internet, computer ,wireless. But technology start to change the way of stock market working from the traditional method . However our aim is to provide a reliable method for a person to access the stock market condition as easy as possible by using it. So we have to design a application which will server the user need in simple way .,to fulfil there need as application designer has to thing generously from user point of view. Some of the questions are stri ked Is this application or service are able to served the user needs or it just focus on business prospective . Is the user getting any useful and benefit from the application or web page is been designed . How reliable is this application whether is based on other source or direct information from the stock company User interface is most important part for a application ,it must has to be easy to user to use . To design the WAP application we have to gather relevant information or opion from stock holders who really would get benefit from this WAP application as a user. I managed to contact two persons who using the computer to keep to know stock market rate. Their ultimate demand is that interface must has to simple and provide the useful information as simple as possible like simple graph, etc. So the application is designed to help the user so interface has to simple but not to find how to use it, this will leads poor impression on the application. However everyone has different thoughts from thinging of what they want to make them comfortable well i concluded the thoughts of stock market users what do they want the application has to appear and help them to easy way of tracking the current value of the stock market. Ease of use: As a normal user cannot read manual, particularly for some simple service like sending a message, so if they cannot know how to use the application ,they get frustrated and tent to leave the application altogether. That means if the application is not fully intuition, then people will get stuck and we might lose them forever. The user will not come to figure out how to get the application to work .Another ease of use factor is the difficulty of getting to a URL. When designing a software for certain purpose where the user could get useful by that . The software itself has to serve the purpose that made up for what .There is major role for design a application how it will become useable by user. However ,if the users goal and the applications are not same ,there may be a problem . for example user want to know the previous stock market rate and average of the rate by performs of the particular company stock from past fifteen days data report , in order to plan for feature plan and to analysis on the market .And if my application only provide the stock value for the past seven days ,in this case the application is not provide the solution to the user demand. To provide the full potential of the application to user by developing or designing the option in the application as simple as possible o obtain the what is wanted to use by the user. For instance If user if user is holding stock in five major companies shares ,for him or his need to see the top companies which he or she interested should show at first place instant of thousands of company from the list . So in here we deploying the user reliable context to reduce complex problem into simple solution. We can able to attract the user or customer to use our application or provide. The application must have to provides critical inf

Celebrity Activists in Contemporary Society Essay -- Politics Celebrit

Celebrity Activists in Contemporary Society Works Cited Not Included According to the book Celebrity Politics, approximately 10 percent of Americans get national political news from nightly entertainment shows such as the Tonight Show. For Americans under 30, the number is nearly five times as many (Orman and West 100). Citizens are looking to be entertained rather than simply educated by the nightly news. As David Schultz aptly put it, â€Å" The new media cover politics, but only politics as it entertains, in part, because the audience the new media attract is a less politically interested audience than traditional news audiences† (20). The fact is that this American audience is less interested in hard news and more interested in entertainment, which has made celebrities effective activists and endorsers of aid organizations in this increasingly celebrity-obsessed society. Americans â€Å"expect, for example, that political campaigns for President will be replete with show biz† (Combs 124). It is no longer good enough for politicians to be defined by their stances on issues, and by the support of different political organizations. Politicians have to be able to provide the citizens with a show, something that will keep them curious and entertained; they need, in fact, celebrity power. Because of this, in order to raise awareness and support for their causes, advocacy organizations have also tapped into the celebrity craze. One area in which celebrities have become extremely involved is that of political campaigns. Politicians want celebrity endorsements in order to become more visible and more popular with different age groups. One survey shows that forty percent of 18 to 24 year olds were influenced by celebrities’... ... Despite the popularity of celebrity politics, the political process is not exclusively relegated to celebrities, and no one is forced to agree with an endorser’s opinion. Perhaps this, then, is the real issue. Clearly, from the standpoint of the advocacy organizations themselves, celebrities are beneficial as activists in today’s culture. They are the perfect spokespeople to maneuver through such an entertainment-driven society and political arena. They raise money and awareness that many aid organizations would not otherwise receive. This research has shown that celebrities have an effect on voter turnout, and also on the way citizens vote. The problem is no longer determining whether celebrities are effective activists. Research now must be done to determine the repercussions of such a celebrity-driven culture on politics, humanitarian aid, and the world. Celebrity Activists in Contemporary Society Essay -- Politics Celebrit Celebrity Activists in Contemporary Society Works Cited Not Included According to the book Celebrity Politics, approximately 10 percent of Americans get national political news from nightly entertainment shows such as the Tonight Show. For Americans under 30, the number is nearly five times as many (Orman and West 100). Citizens are looking to be entertained rather than simply educated by the nightly news. As David Schultz aptly put it, â€Å" The new media cover politics, but only politics as it entertains, in part, because the audience the new media attract is a less politically interested audience than traditional news audiences† (20). The fact is that this American audience is less interested in hard news and more interested in entertainment, which has made celebrities effective activists and endorsers of aid organizations in this increasingly celebrity-obsessed society. Americans â€Å"expect, for example, that political campaigns for President will be replete with show biz† (Combs 124). It is no longer good enough for politicians to be defined by their stances on issues, and by the support of different political organizations. Politicians have to be able to provide the citizens with a show, something that will keep them curious and entertained; they need, in fact, celebrity power. Because of this, in order to raise awareness and support for their causes, advocacy organizations have also tapped into the celebrity craze. One area in which celebrities have become extremely involved is that of political campaigns. Politicians want celebrity endorsements in order to become more visible and more popular with different age groups. One survey shows that forty percent of 18 to 24 year olds were influenced by celebrities’... ... Despite the popularity of celebrity politics, the political process is not exclusively relegated to celebrities, and no one is forced to agree with an endorser’s opinion. Perhaps this, then, is the real issue. Clearly, from the standpoint of the advocacy organizations themselves, celebrities are beneficial as activists in today’s culture. They are the perfect spokespeople to maneuver through such an entertainment-driven society and political arena. They raise money and awareness that many aid organizations would not otherwise receive. This research has shown that celebrities have an effect on voter turnout, and also on the way citizens vote. The problem is no longer determining whether celebrities are effective activists. Research now must be done to determine the repercussions of such a celebrity-driven culture on politics, humanitarian aid, and the world.

Best Man Speech Delivered by the Brother of the Groom :: Wedding Toasts Roasts Speeches

Best Man Speech Delivered by the Brother of the Groom Firstly, on behalf of the bridesmaids, I'd like to thank the groom for his kind words, and I have to say they have done an excellent job today and look absolutely wonderful. I am very proud that I was chosen to be the best man today. It’s often said at weddings that being asked to be the best man is like being asked to kiss the Queen. Its a great honor but nobody wants to do it. I have a large library of stories to tell you that will leave the groom embarrassed and humiliated, but out of respect for him on his big day I have decided not to tell them. So I'm not going to tell you about the time he vomited over a taxi driver's head or ended up in hospital on his stag do. The groom was born on November 13, 1972. Coincidentally, this was also the year that the first Mr. Alen books were published, and if you know him or know anyone that has lived with him, you'll easily be able to guess which Mr. Man he takes after. No, its not Mr. Topsy-Turvey or Mr. Bump, it’s Mr. Messy. Even though he stopped reading the Mr. Alen books last year, I doubt he will ever loose his natural ability to make a mess. (To the bride) If you need any tips on getting him to tidy up, don't ask my mom or dad as they were unsuccessful for twenty years. After leaving school, the groom had a brief career as an accountant but soon saw the light and decided that cleaning a swimming pool would be more interesting. After a few other career moves he decided that he was missing something, so decided to go to university to study sport science. Before he'd gone away to university, the groom was extremely fit, as skinny as a rake, and very serious about his cycling. It was on the following Christmas holiday when I saw he was starting to put on a bit of weight that I realized - he'd fallen in love with beer. I hear he had an excellent time at uni, living in a house of like-minded people who also had this great love. The stag do was a couple of weeks ago in Brighton and on the Saturday evening we went to a club called The Event.

State Lotteries :: essays research papers

State Lotteries: Take a Second Look   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  From the time the Europeans first landed on the Atlantic shore, lotteries have been a part of the American society. According to Will Spink, most states are currently operating a state lottery despite its bleak history in the U.S. (Spink 1). Since 1983, North Carolina has introduced lottery bills in the legislature every year (NC Christian 15). North Carolina Governor, Mike Easley, favors a lottery for increasing revenues for education (Analysis 2). However lucrative state lotteries appear on the surface, they create even more moral and financial difficulties for citizens, and this should encourage states to look at other means of resources instead of legalized gambling.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In a lottery fact sheet provided by Governor Easley’s office, North Carolinians spend $100 million on the Virginia lottery and $25 million on the Georgia lottery. Since at least one-half of the lottery money goes to prizes then North Carolina has fifty percent of this money returned. Lottery proponents still argue that $40.6 million is still leaving North Carolina (Analysis 2). â€Å"Three stores on U. S. 29 just over the state line in Danville accounted for almost $12 million worth of ticket sales,† and more than ninety percent of the customers were most likely North Carolinians (Lottery referendum 3A). Research does support that many taxpayers play the lottery and proponents may feel that this justifies the lottery. In addition, research shows that lottery participation reaches almost evenly across all income groups. However, a 1999 survey for the National Gambling Impact Study Commission showed â€Å" that low and moderate income lottery taxpayers spend more on the lottery than do middle income taxpayers† (Analysis 3,4). In addition, this study revealed that education levels do affect how much a person spends on the lottery. The biggest spenders were high school dropouts and as education levels increase, the amount of money spent decreases. African Americans spend more money on lotteries than any other racial group (NC Insider 2). Instead of helping the less fortunate acquire an education, the lottery widens the gap between them and the upper classes of society (Spink 3). Proponents support lottery referendums because it is the best way to raise money voluntarily without raising taxes. People who play the lottery volunteer their money. However, lotteries do not necessarily prevent tax increases. In a study conducted by Money magazine, tax revenue was found to have increased by 21.7 percent over a five-year period in lottery states while only 7.

Excessive Talking Essay

I am being disciplined for talking in class without the teacher’s permission. I must realize that when too many people are talking at once, it is hard to hear and understand anyone at all. That is one reason why my teacher wants only one person to talk at a time. A second reason is that most people find it difficult to think about what they are trying to say if someone else is talking at the same time they are. A third reason I should not talk in class without first being given permission is that most people find it hard to concentrate on their schoolwork when others around them are talking. There are times to listen and think and work quietly. It is at these times that I should not talk without being given permission first. Additionally, by paying attention to, and doing, my schoolwork instead of talking without permission, I will probably get better grades. When I talk in class, I bother everyone around me. I also bother my teacher. By talking in class I keep myself and others from learning. I also show others that I have not learned how to follow directions or how to control myself. Some students might find it hard to be friends with me if I cannot follow directions or control myself, because they could get in trouble too, by talking back to me during class. In fact, if they get caught and I don’t, they will probably be angry at me because I started talking first! I should work very hard to not talk during class unless I get permission first. A step to learning how to stop talking is to know why I do it, and what problems it causes others. Then I need to make a plan for improving my behavior, like making a promise to the teacher (and myself) at the beginning of each class. Or, I could make a card to put on my desk during class that reads something like: â€Å"Get permission to talk.†